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The Role of Self-efficacy and Relationship Quality in Partner Notification by Adolescents With Sexually Transmitted Infections
J. Dennis Fortenberry, MD, MS;
Edward J. Brizendine, MS;
Barry P. Katz, PhD;
Donald P. Orr, MD
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156:1133-1137.
Objective To evaluate the role of self-efficacy, anticipated negative consequences, and relationship quality in patient-initiated sex partner notification following treatment for sexually transmitted infections.
Subjects Two hundred forty-one 13- to 20-year-old subjects (83% women; 83% African American) diagnosed with gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomonas, or nongonococcal urethritis. Subjects were patients at a public sexually transmitted diseases clinic or primary care adolescent clinics.
Methods Structured interviews at enrollment and 1 month following treatment. At enrollment, recent sexual partners were identified. Coital frequency, partner-specific sexually transmitted infection notification self-efficacy, anticipated consequences of notification, and relationship quality were measured with multi-item scales. At 1 month, subjects were asked whether partners had been notified and about the timing of notification relative to treatment.
Results Subjects reported 279 partners. Of these, 61% of women's partners and 52% of men's partners were notified. Multiple logistic regression adjusted by generalized estimating equations showed that notification was predicted by antecedent notification self-efficacy (adjusted odds ratio, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.30) and relationship quality (adjusted odds ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.27). Age, sex, race/ethnicity, prior sexually transmitted infection, coital frequency, and anticipated consequences were not related to partner notification.
Conclusions Partner notification is increased among persons with higher levels of self-efficacy and in relationships with stronger affiliative and emotional ties. Self-efficacy and partner communication could be especially amenable to interventions to increase patient-initiated partner notification for curable sexually transmitted infections.
From the Section of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics (Drs Fortenberry and Orr), and the Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine (Mr Brizendine and Dr Katz), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
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